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Note: Deleted topics are mentioned red in colour for easy understanding at the bottom of the post
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ZOOLOGY
1) ZOOLOGY -
Diversity of Living World: What is life?; Nature, Scope & meaning of zoology; Branches of Zoology; Need for classification- Zoos as tools for classification; Basic principles of Classification: Biological system of classification- (Phylogenetic classification only); Levels or Hierarchy of classification; Nomenclature - Bi & Trinominal; Species concept; Kingdom Animalia; Biodiversity - Meaning and distribution, Genetic diversity, Species diversity, Ecosystem diversity(alpha, beta and gamma), other attributes of biodiversity, role of biodiversity, threats to biodiversity, methods of conservation, IUCN Red data books, Conservation of wild life in India -Legislation, Preservation, Organisations, Threatened species.
2) STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION IN ANIMALS:
Levels of organization, Multicellularity: Diploblastic & Triploblastic conditions; Asymmetry, Symmetry: Radial symmetry, and Bilateral symmetry. Acoelomates, Pseudocoelomates and Eucoelomates: Schizo & Entero coelomates (Brief account of formation of coelom); Tissues: Epithelial, Connective, Muscular and Nervous tissues.
3) ANIMAL DIVERSITY-I: INVERTEBRATE PHYLA:
General Characters – (Strictly restrict to 8 salient features only, Classification up to Classes with two or three examples – Brief account only). Porifera; Cnidaria; Ctenophora; Platyhelminthes; Nematoda; Annelida (Include Earthworm as a type study); Arthropoda; Mollusca; Echinodermata; Hemichordata.
4) ANIMAL DIVERSITY-II: PHYLUM:
CHORDATA General Characters –Classification up to Classes - (Brief account only with two or three examples). Phylum: Chordata; Sub phylum: Urochordata; Sub phylum: Cephalochordata; Sub phylum: Vertebrata; Super class: Agnatha, Class Cyclostomata; Super class: Gnathostomata, Super class pisces, Class: Chondricthyes, Class: Osteichthyes; Tetrapoda, Class: Amphibia (Including the brief type study of Frog) Class: Reptilia, Class: Aves, Class: Mammalia.
5) LOCOMOTION & REPRODUCTION IN PROTOZOA:
Locomotion: Definition, types of locomotor structures pseudopodia (basic idea of pseudopodia without going into different types), flagella & cilia (Brief account giving two examples each); Flagellar & Ciliary movement - Effective & Recovery strokes in Euglena, Synchronal & Metachronal movements in Paramecium; Reproduction: Definition, types. Asexual Reproduction: Transeverse binary fission in Paramecium & Longitudinal binary fission in Euglena. Multiple fission, Sexual Reproduction.
6) BIOLOGY & HUMAN WELFARE:
Parasitism and parasitic adaptation; Health and disease: introduction Life cycle, Pathogenicity, Treatment & Prevention (Brief account only) 1. Entamoeba histolytica 2. Plasmodium vivax 3. Ascaris lumbricoides 4. Wuchereria bancrofti; Brief account of pathogenicity, treatment & prevention of Typhoid, Pneumonia, Common cold, & Ring worm; Tobacco, Drugs and Alcohol abuse (TDA Abuse).
7) TYPE STUDY OF PERIPLANETA AMERICANA:
Habitat and habits; External features; Locomotion; Digestive system; Respiratory system; Circulatory system; Excretory system; Nervous system - sense organs, structure of ommatidium; Reproductive system.
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8) ECOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT:
What is Ecology, Importance of Ecology, Organisms and Environment: Ecology, population, communities, habitat, niche, biome and ecosphere (definitions only); Ecosystem: Elementary aspects only, Abiotic factors- Light, Temperature & Water (Biological effects only), Ecological adaptations; Population interactions; Ecosystems: Types, Components, Lake ecosystem; Food chains, Food web, Productivity and Energy flow in Ecosystem, Ecological pyramids - Pyramids of numbers, biomass and energy; Nutritient cycling - Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorous cycles (Brief account); Population attributes: Growth, Natality and Mortality, Age distribution, Population regulation; Environmental issues.
9) HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY-I:
Breathing and Respiration: Respiratory organs in animals; Respiratory system in humans; Mechanism of breathing and its regulation in humans - Exchange of gases, transport of gases and regulation of respiratory movements, Respiratory volumes; Respiratory disorders: Asthma, Emphysema, Bronchitis, Pneumonia, Occupational respiratory disorders - Asbestosis, Silicosis, Siderosis, Black Lung Disease in coal mine workers.
10) HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY-II:
Body Fluids and Circulation: Lymphatic system; Clotting of blood; Human circulatory system - structure of human heart and blood vessels; Cardiac cycle, cardiac output, double circulation, circulatory pathways, Portal circulation and coronary circulation; regulation of cardiac activity; Disorders of circulatory system: Hypertension, coronary artery disease, angina pectoris, heart failure. Excretory products and their elimination: Modes of excretion - Ammonotelism, Ureotelism, Uricotelism, Excretory organs; Human excretory system - structure of kidney and nephron; Urine formation, osmoregulation; Regulation of kidney function -Renin-Angiotensin - Aldosterone system, Atrial Natriuretic Factor, ADH and diabetes insipidus; Role of other organs in excretion; Disorders: Uraemia, renal failure, renal calculi, glomerular nephritis, dialysis using artificial kidney and kidney transplantation.
11) HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY-III:
Muscular and Skeletal system: The muscle - ultra structure; Contractile proteins & Mechanism of muscle contraction, muscle fatigue, cori cycle, Types of muscle fibers. Neural control and co-ordination: Nervous system in human beings - Central nervous system, Peripheral nervous system and Somatic and autonomic neural system; Generation and conduction of nerve impulse, Synaptic transmission.
12) HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY-IV:
Endocrine system and chemical co-ordination, Endocrine glands and hormones; Human endocrine system - Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Pineal, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Thymus gland, Adrenal, Pancreas, Gonads; Mechanism of hormone action (Elementary idea only), hormones of kidney, heart and gastrointestinal tract, Role of hormones as messengers and regulators; Hypo and Hyper activity and related disorders: Common disorders -Dwarfism, acromegaly, cretinism, goiter, exophthalmic goiter, diabetes, Addison’s disease, Cushing’s syndrome (Diseases & disorders to be dealt in brief). Immune system: Basic concepts of Immunology - Types of Immunity - Innate Immunity, Acquired Immunity, Active and Passive Immunity, Cell mediated Immunity and Humoral Immunity, Cells of immune system, organs of immune system, soluble mediators of immunity, vaccination or immunization and immunological disorders.
13) HUMAN REPRODUCTION:
Human Reproductive System: Male and female reproductive systems; Microscopic anatomy of testis & ovary; Gametogenesis, Spermatogenesis & Oogenesis; Menstrual cycle; Fertilization, Embryo development up to blastocyst formation, Implantation; Pregnancy, placenta formation, Parturition, Lactation (elementary idea). Reproductive Health: Need for reproductive health and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STD); Birth control - Need and methods, contraception and medical termination of pregnancy (MTP); Amniocentesis; infertility and assisted reproductive technologies - IVF-ET, ZIFT, GIFT (elementary idea for general awareness).
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14) GENETICS:
Heredity and variations : Mendel’s laws of inheritance with reference to Drosophila. (Drosophila melanogaster Grey, Black body colour; long, vestigial wings), Pleiotropy; Multiple alleles: Inheritance of blood groups and Rh-factor; Codominance (Blood groups as example); Elementary idea of polygenic inheritance; Skin colour in humans. Sex determination – in humans, birds, Fumea moth, genic balance theory of sex determination in Drosophila melanogaster and honey bees; Sex linked inheritance – Haemophilia, Colour blindness; Mendelian disorders in humans: Thalassemia, Haemophilia, Sickle celled anaemia, cystiefibrosis PKU, Alkaptonuria; Chromosomal disorders –Down’s syndrome, Turner’s syndrome and Klinefelter syndrome; Genome, Human Genome Project and DNA Finger Printing.
15) APPLIED BIOLOGY: Animal Husbandry, Dairy management, Animal breeding, Apiculture, Beekeeping, Poultry management, Pisciculture, Fishery management, Application of Biotechnology in medicine: Human insulin and vaccine production; Molecular diagnosis Gene Therapy; Transgenic animals; Vaccines, Cancer biology, stem cells.
Note: (Up to primary concepts in Applied Biology) The following topics are the deleted content of Zoology (30%) in the Intermediate second year for the academic year 2020-21 by the TSBIE as per Telugu academy text book. The same is deleted for the TS EAMCET-2021 examination.
1) HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY-I
Unit-I A: Digestion and absorption: 1.1 Digestive System 1.1.1 Alimentary canal 1.1.2 Digestive glands 1.1.3 Physiology of digestion 1.1.4 Peristalsis 1.1.5 Absorption of digested food Syllabus for TS EAMCET 2021-AM Stream (Agriculture, Pharmacy, Veterinary etc.) 1.1.6 Gastro intestinal hormones 1.1.7 Calorific values of carbohydrates, proteins and fats 1.1.8 Disorders of the digestive system
2) HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY-III
Unit-III A:
Topics in Musculo-Skeletal System 3.2 The Skeleton 3.2.1 Axial skeleton 3.2.2 Appendicular skeleton 3.3 Joints 3.3.1 Types of joints 3.3.2 Structure of synovial joint. 3.4 Disorders of the muscular and skeletal system: myasthenia gravis, tetany, muscular dystrophy, arthritis, osteoporosis, gout.
3) HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY-III Unit-III B :
Topics in Neural control and coordination 3.7 Reflex action and reflex arc; 3.8 Sensory reception and processing 3.8.1 The Eye 3.8.2 The mechanism of vision 3.8.3 The Ear 3.8.4 The mechanism of hearing
4) ORGANIC EVOLUTION Unit-VII:
7.1 Origin of Life 7.2 Biological Evolution 7.3 Evidences for Biological Evolution (palaeontological, comparative anatomical, embryological and molecular evidences); 7.4 Theories of evolution: Lamarckism (in brief), Darwin’s theory of EvolutionNatural Selection with example (Kettlewell’s experiments on Biston betularia), Mutation Theory of Hugo de Vries; 7.5 Modern synthetic theory of Evolution 7.6 Mechanism of evolution- Hardy Weinberg law, Evolutionary forces, Types of Natural Selection; Gene flow and genetic drift; Human evolution; Speciation - Allopatric, sympatric; Reproductive isolation. 7.7 A brief account of evolution 7.8 Origin and evolution of man
5) APPLIED BIOLOGY
Unit-VIII 8.12 Biomedical Technology: Diagnostic Imaging (X-ray, CT scan, MRI), ECG, EEG; ELISA;
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